Responsible Integration of AI in Public Legal Education: Regulatory Challenges and Opportunities in Albania

Adrian Leka, Brunilda Haxhiu

Artificial Intelligence (AI) is being used increasingly worldwide to provide better legal education to the public by providing them with easily accessible and automated legal information. However, its integration into justice systems raises significant legal, ethical, and policy concerns. In Albania, where legal literacy remains low despite ongoing judicial reforms, AI-driven tools present both an opportunity and a challenge. This study explores the legal and regulatory implications of incorporating AI into public legal education, analyzing potential risks related to misinformation, algorithmic bias, data privacy, and human rights compliance.

Using a doctrinal legal research approach, the study examines Albania’s existing legal framework, including constitutional provisions on access to justice, data protection laws, and the justice reform strategy and subsequent legislation. This is followed by a comparative legal analysis of AI-driven legal education initiatives in Estonia, the United Kingdom, Canada, and Singapore. This analysis provides insights into regulatory best practices. Furthermore, the study evaluates AI’s alignment with international human rights norms, particularly the right to legal information under UN Sustainable Development Goal 16.

The findings of this study reveal the existing gaps in Albania’s legal system regarding AI-driven legal education and emphasize the need for including strong legal protections. The study proposes policy recommendations aiming at the usage of AI tools to enhance public legal literacy while maintaining legal accuracy, transparency, and accountability. These recommendations include AI oversight mechanisms, legal accuracy standards, and ethical AI guidelines that are tailored to Albania’s socio-political context. The responsible integration of AI capabilities into legal education can help Albania improve public trust in its justice system and strengthen democratic participation.

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